Social Networking our Young Generation Essay

Social Networking our Young Generation Essay Social networking sites are web-based services, with a large online community. Websites like Facebook, MySpace or Twitter provide social networking services which bring people together all over the world by allowing them to get to know each other in an online environment. This interaction is likely to include families, friendship and romantic and group relation. With the help of networking, it can help people make friends and to search to find some personal relationship and families can stay in touch more easily. Nowadays, huge number of people connects to networking sites and it also increases the number of relationship. The websites combine many internet features into one: personal profile, blogs, places for photos and videos, the latest news about music groups, user groups, and more. People use social networking sites to developing business contacts and maintaining contact with them. Websites like LinkedIn can be convenient place for professionals to meet and talk about business. Developing business contacts on the internet is most of the time easier and faster than offline. Aims The aim of the study is explain the Importance of participating in internet groups and interactive with others and one-on-one from the individual self concept and social relationship. This research also tell how the knowledge is to be explored and social action is to be taken which shall be carried out in the field so this research aims at understanding transformation reconstructing and striving for an understanding of the whole. So approach which suites my question is qualitative research and the primary aim of this investigation is to study the people interaction on internet as we all know the now days people have been curious about how the powerful new information and communication media known as internet interaction is going on in the society. Objectives Promote your business using social networking sites. Effects of social networking websites on the young generation. Safety sites of young generation. Advantages and Disadvantages of Social networking sites. Literature review Internet is first and foremost communication technology with the potential to change people social interaction. Internet adoption in homes has grown rapidly since the early 1990s. For Example by 2003 63% of American had used the internet. In 1990s, Information technology experts expected the internet to be consigned to the trash heap of history. Internet has become an essential part of our lives; many websites have facility ways for people to keep in touch in the form of social networking. Social networking sites are the way for interact with new people and to make connections as well as share photos, videos, and activities with each other (Red Sox Nation, Northern California).. In the past 5 years, such sites have rocketed and millions of people use networking sites. According to Amanda Lenhart and Mary Madden indicates that 55% of online teenagers have created a personal profile online, and 55% have used networking sites like MySpace and Face book. A social networking site includes both the exchange of information among individuals and group online. Expression also represents a view perspective, reflection, or quality of the individual or groups. Social networking is more focussed on individual relations and goals than is city and community involvement and networking with specific others whom one either knows initially or eventually comes to know. This interaction is likely to include families, friendship and romantic and group relationship. Video-sharing site is an also place where humans can make connection with one another. YouTube also allows a user to add another user as his or her friend. Expressions refer to the material that is created by individual or groups to reflect their views, interests or talents. Mainly internet based on social networking sites to build the personal and relationship and give the meaning to peoples lives. This sites help to people allow creating social relationship and it also used to find new friends in new locate. There are many ways the internet can be used for social relationship as follows are:- Online chatting Online dating Finding life partners Online friendship Many more Online chatting By using online chatting on internet many friends and relatives have come closer and to know very well to each other. Calling is very expensive and people cant afford to call. With the help of networking sites, people can connect to their relatives and get to talk each other very easily and they can see each other and chat through internet. Online dating Social networking websites are a great way of meeting people new people all over the world. Now days, people are meeting and dating on the internet. People can chat to somebody anytime, anyplace and anywhere. They are having huge relationship with others, so they will ask they will not go out with them because they are dating to someone. Finding Life partners Social sites focus on many different aspects of life, which makes it easier to find and make connections with other people who share common goals and interests, including love. By using traditional forms of marriage creation mainly of arranged marriages, internet has slowly being modified to the arrange marriage because it can serve the strength of tradition especially when modern condition of technologies seen to in decide tradition. Friendship Circle By using these sites instant messaging it allows cheap chatting between people and among group of friend or family. It also offers a good way of communicating with friends nearby or far away, without worrying about time or cost. This activity leads to vast expression of contact and interactivity many people enjoy ready for outcomes relationship. I just like keeping up to chat with somebody and it makes me feel very great to know somebody and to make new connection. So in this research the evidence strongly suggest that the internet has already been used to powerful enhance the social relationship. The importance is social and is creating both individual level and collective level social capital. Networking sites also used for developing business contacts and to make connections with them. Websites like LINKEDIN can be suitable place for professionals to meet and talk about business. Developing business on the internet is the most of the time easier and faster than offline. Social networking sites are also promoting a business to a wider audience and global marketing .Nowadays, the majority of business at least one kind of online presence. All the above reason involve that the easy and rewarding interaction with other people, as well as the personal or professional gain that people obtain from joining social networking sites. These sites succeed at making everyone part of global society. In our research, social networking sites can effects on the young generations. As a result, social networking websites have extensive attraction for youngsters with the number of users growing daily. In 2007, Pew Internet and American life Project report that 55% of online teens have a personal profile (facebook, twitter, orkut) on this kind of website. Today, youngsters attract these sites just because of this websites combine many features into one like personal profile, blogs, videos and photos sharing, and many more. Along with these benefits come some risks. As conclude that there are number of cases for harassment or sexual advances. Most of these sites are open to all, especially MySpace or face book which means that teenagers could be exposed our personal information and our identity to someone. Cyber-bulling and harassment are more often commit by other youngsters and mostly tend to happen most to older girls and either gender who have a strong online presence. There so many several forms like posting threatening messages, publishing private messages, e-mails or text messages, posting embarrassment photos and many more. Another risk is identifying theft, which means somebody can enter your personal profile they can know about everything like, your name, birthdates and your location. So today, its very rare for harassment to all over the world but it can still be a cause of emotional distress for youngsters. As a result, most social networking sites have privacy controls in place, but youngsters hardly ever use them. If you can do active monitoring of profiles and behaviours catches some hackers, but not all of them. Here some tips of safety sites for young generation as well as child also when they created our profile it make sure they understand not to post personal information like home address, birthdates, email address, mobile number etc because this information is private to them and not for sharing. And also explain that what gets put on the inte rnet can live forever its means if you remove your picture later it may have been copied by someone else and misuse of your picture also. The main safety tips are that you should use for password for your profile and make sure their password cannot be easily guessed. Survey results show that percentage for adults with profile on social networking sites September 2009 data. In this graph shows that adults in all age group favour for face book by a wide margin, with older adults preferring it slightly more. In 73% of all adults 18 and older have use face book as well as adults 30 and older has 75% and young adults 18-29 has 71% who use social networking sites have a face book account. C:UsersHarmeet SinghDesktopuntitled.png In contrast, 48% of all adult social network users have a MySpace account. Young generation is much more using MySpace with 66% but only 36% of the 30 and older bracket. In other rates for professional networking sites LinkedIn are the reverse of MySpace. 14% of all adults 18 social networking sites users have LinkedIn account, which breaks down to 7% of adult 18-29 and 19% of adults 30 and older. In conclude that the highest percentage of internet users have use face book in social networking sites the second sites used is MySpace and other LinkedIn sites. http://thepowerofinfluence.typepad.com/the_power_of_influence/2010/02/social-networking-rises-especially-among-younger-set.html Advantages of social networking sites The most common advantages of social networking sites, it is the good way for communicate with new people and to make connections as well as share photos, videos ,blogs, services and activities with each other. Its also build the personal relationship and give the meaning to peoples lives. Social networking sites are also promoting a business to a wider audience and global marketing. By joining different communities, now people can easily know about the latest news related to that community. And the best parts of this that advice is free u dont need to pay any euro. Experts and your friends always ready to give you advice and share information with you. Here some most common positive things that has to make social networking really popular among people and spread smiles. Disadvantages of social networking sites There are some major disadvantages of networking sites that Security is the topmost matter of social networking sites which we used more. There are some people who always search for fake identity, which means somebody can enter your personal profile they can know about everything like, your name, birth date, email address and your location. So today, its very rare for harassment to all over the world. It is always advisable to dont provide your entire identity information online otherwise it makes our life spoil. Methods of Research: Philosophy of research There are many different types of research philosophies used by researchers like positivism, realism, interpretive, objectivism, subjectivism, pragmatism, functionalist, interpretive, radical humanist and radical structuralism. There are two types of realism direct and critical and the meaning of direct is what you see is what you get. Critical realism is the real world images of things and theory suggests data which specify technique at back observables. It means before data collection selection the selection of theory is must and then collection of data according to requirement (Saunders et al, 2007). Types of Research There are two main type of research approaches qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative research, by definition deals with quantity and relationships between attributes; it involves the collection and analysis of highly structured data in the positivist tradition (Bowling 1997) .This method of research is appropriate in situations in which there is pre-existing knowledge which will permit the use of standardized data collection methods like survey, questionnaires.(Bowling 1997). Qualitative is an empirical research in which data is in text form rather than in number form. Qualitative method as opposed to quantitative used to collect and analyze the information in as many shapes, mostly non numeric. Main focus of this technique is to explore as feasible in detail, idea is to attain deepness instead of breadth (Blaxter ET at, 2007). I will use qualitative method of research here. The strength of this approach is the capability to study people in the field. Qualitative research describes words rather than numbers, the equality of social phenomena through observation. I am using in depth interviews and questionnaire and discussion group at the same time for collecting my research data. Methodology The methodology shall be illustrative qualitative using a case study methodology. This method offers an opportunity to study a particular subject and this can be used to express theories. Case study is a strategy for doing research method which involves an empirical investigation of a specific occurrence within its real life context using multiple source of indication.

Dead Man Walking Essays -- essays research papers

DEAD MAN WALKING   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dead Man Walking is a great book that deals with one of our nations most controversial issues: capital punishment. The books narrator, Sister Helen Prejean, discusses her personal views on capital punishment. She was a spiritual advisor and friend to two death row inmates; Elmo Patrick Sonnier and Robert Lee Willie. From her experiences, she developed views on the death penalty. She believed it was morally wrong and spoke openly about it. Sister Helen successfully defends her views on capital punishment while stating that capital punishment should be illegal. Her experiences have taught her that although these criminals were dangerous and deadly, and that their crimes were inexcusable, a death sentence should not be the answer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe Sister Helen’s success in dealing with the issue of capital punishment falls on the two cases for which she was a spiritual advisor. In these cases, Sister Helen always tried her best to grant stays of execution or a court appeal. She fought for what she believed in and tried her best to abolish the death penalty. Sister in no way condemned what these killers had done, but tried her best to comfort them in their time of loneliness, sorrow, and need.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sister Helen’s first case, Patrick Sonnier, better influenced my opinion on capital punishment. Her strategies in dealing with a convicted killer were brave and courageous. She was always willing to meet with Patrick and to talk about anything he liked. She helped him to realize his mistake, but more importantly, helped him to become a better person. She was always reminding Pat that God had the power of forgiveness, and that if he were truly sorry, God would forgive him. Sister Helen’s best arguments were the details she spoke about prior to Sonnier’s death. When Sister Helen spoke about Pat’s legal defense, it made a big impact on me as a reader. She persuaded me to look at things from two angles, instead of just one. As a reader, I was upset with the comparison between Pat’s sentence and his brother’s sentence. How could two brothers who conspired in the murder together receive two different sentences: Pat receiving a death s entence, while Pat’s brother Eddie receiving a lesser charge in a ... ...sing something. Sister was missing the dreadful feeling of a loved one brutally murdered at the hands of a killer. Who is to say that people can not change their minds about capital punishment? As of now, I am opposed to the death penalty. If someone killed a person I loved or cared about deeply, and they faced a death sentence, I would really have to consider my views again. This just shows that you should never be truly positive on your views about capital punishment until you have had the opportunity of experiencing a loss by the hands of a killer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe Sister Helen was extremely successful in describing her oppositions towards capital punishment. Her experiences as a spiritual advisor to two death row inmates gave her knowledge about capital punishment that was previously just foundation in her beliefs. Her methods of dealing with the arguments of capital punishment were honest and fair. She presented herself in a way that made you listen to everything she had to say about the death penalty. Her evidence and facts were thoroughly supported throughout the book. She also allowed the reader to decide on his or her own view of capital punishment. Dead Man Walking Essays -- essays research papers DEAD MAN WALKING   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dead Man Walking is a great book that deals with one of our nations most controversial issues: capital punishment. The books narrator, Sister Helen Prejean, discusses her personal views on capital punishment. She was a spiritual advisor and friend to two death row inmates; Elmo Patrick Sonnier and Robert Lee Willie. From her experiences, she developed views on the death penalty. She believed it was morally wrong and spoke openly about it. Sister Helen successfully defends her views on capital punishment while stating that capital punishment should be illegal. Her experiences have taught her that although these criminals were dangerous and deadly, and that their crimes were inexcusable, a death sentence should not be the answer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe Sister Helen’s success in dealing with the issue of capital punishment falls on the two cases for which she was a spiritual advisor. In these cases, Sister Helen always tried her best to grant stays of execution or a court appeal. She fought for what she believed in and tried her best to abolish the death penalty. Sister in no way condemned what these killers had done, but tried her best to comfort them in their time of loneliness, sorrow, and need.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sister Helen’s first case, Patrick Sonnier, better influenced my opinion on capital punishment. Her strategies in dealing with a convicted killer were brave and courageous. She was always willing to meet with Patrick and to talk about anything he liked. She helped him to realize his mistake, but more importantly, helped him to become a better person. She was always reminding Pat that God had the power of forgiveness, and that if he were truly sorry, God would forgive him. Sister Helen’s best arguments were the details she spoke about prior to Sonnier’s death. When Sister Helen spoke about Pat’s legal defense, it made a big impact on me as a reader. She persuaded me to look at things from two angles, instead of just one. As a reader, I was upset with the comparison between Pat’s sentence and his brother’s sentence. How could two brothers who conspired in the murder together receive two different sentences: Pat receiving a death s entence, while Pat’s brother Eddie receiving a lesser charge in a ... ...sing something. Sister was missing the dreadful feeling of a loved one brutally murdered at the hands of a killer. Who is to say that people can not change their minds about capital punishment? As of now, I am opposed to the death penalty. If someone killed a person I loved or cared about deeply, and they faced a death sentence, I would really have to consider my views again. This just shows that you should never be truly positive on your views about capital punishment until you have had the opportunity of experiencing a loss by the hands of a killer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe Sister Helen was extremely successful in describing her oppositions towards capital punishment. Her experiences as a spiritual advisor to two death row inmates gave her knowledge about capital punishment that was previously just foundation in her beliefs. Her methods of dealing with the arguments of capital punishment were honest and fair. She presented herself in a way that made you listen to everything she had to say about the death penalty. Her evidence and facts were thoroughly supported throughout the book. She also allowed the reader to decide on his or her own view of capital punishment.

Art Appreciation Essay

Ancient art is art from cultures of ancient societies such as China, Rome, Greece and Egypt and most of these types of art shows gods, goddesses and pharaohs. The Egyptian art work is usually clear and simple that is put together with simple lines and flat areas of color that show order and balance. Most of the art from china show religious rituals and geomancy and it also shows continuity between ancient and modern times. Greek art has a lot of pottery, sculpture and architecture art and are will known for its standing figures. Roman art seems to show beauty and nobility with an expression of life-like qualities. The first painting is by Lorenzo Lotto and is called Venus and Cupid and is oil on canvas painting and shows Venus sitting on a dark blue satin cloth with her weight resting on her arm. Her color is a pretty off white with a ribbon around her chest called diaphanous stophein which is worn by new brides. There is a brown shell hanging above her head which represents her birth from the sea and the flowers shown on the bottom half of her body represent a symbol of love. The head dress she is wearing is decorated with gems and pearls that rest perfectly on her red hair. She is holding a wreath with incense burning while cupid is peeing through the wreath towards her. Cupid is a short figure with wings on his back with brown curly hair with a devilish look upon his face. The room has red cloth drape upon the back wall that accent the painting with all the other colors in harmony. This artist was portraying love and marriage and the room was more than likely a bride’s chamber in this two dememenional piece of art and is representational of sexuality, vitality and happiness. This piece could be a little controversial and is truly in the eyes of the beholder. Cupid and Venus. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. wtfarthistory. com The second painting is by Paul Gauguin which is oil on canvas painting with stretch wood and is called Ia Orana Maria (Hail Mary) which was inspired by Polynesian religious beliefs and is of an angel who revealed Mary and Jesus who are Tahitian to two other Tahitian women. Mary is wearing a red dress with flowers and Jesus is sitting on her shoulders naked and the two of them seem to have a halo around their heads. The other two women are shown looking at Mary and Jesus with wraps around their lower bodies and the upper half is exposing their breast. The painting have a jungle like atmophere with flowering trees and a dark blue path and emerald green with the foreground and bananas of the left of Mary. This two demensional piece is representational of religion, mystery and revelation and of the Tahitian culture. This piece is very colorful with reds, blues, greens and yellows that come together beautifully.

Contribution Of Frederick Douglass In Worlds History - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 385 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/29 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Frederick Douglass Essay Did you like this example? Around 1818, at Talbot County Maryland, a man named Frederick Bailey (mothers name) was conceived from Native American, African, and European ancestors. He was isolated from his mom as a newborn child and moved with his maternal grandmother. At six years old he was put into work as a slave at the Wye House plantation. Hugh, the plantation master, his wife, Sophia showed him the alphabet. From that point forward, he taught himself to read and write; to rid himself of illiteracy. As, he showed signs of improvement, he began showing different slaves how to read and write utilizing the Book of Scriptures. He was then exchanged to Edward Covey, who was a merciless plantation owner who whipped Frederick for little infractions every day. He was later returned to Thomas Auld another cruel owners who viewed Frederick as a liability. Frederick attempted to escape by canoeing up the river with a group he assembled. But little did he know, that one of them would turn their backs on them and put Frederick and the rest into jail. After that, Auld had no option but to give him over to his older brother who was fond of Frederickrs work habit. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Contribution Of Frederick Douglass In Worlds History" essay for you Create order Frederick gained some free movement to earn his own money until a anti-black sentiment drove him out from his job. Knowing he can secretly stash money, he planned to escape again. Trusting a sailor who gave him free sailor papers, he was set on leaving the south the next day. After work, Frederick changed into sailor clothes and walked onto the train at the last minute heading north towards Havre de Grace; then made his way to New York by trains and boats. New York was the place he found shelter by an abolitionist named David Ruggles. When he was comfortable and settled in, he traveled to locate Anna Murray in Maryland, a free African women he met as a slave. They later married in September of 1838 and had five children together. They then, moved to Massachusetts and met a family who gave Frederick the last name Douglass. During this time, he began to attend abolitionist gatherings and met William Lloyd Garrison, who with great confidence, urged Frederick to become a speaker and leader. He at that point joined the Hundred Conventions, an American Anti-Slavery Society venture.

The Human Relations Movement Of George Elton Mayo - 949 Words

Managers throughout history have been interested in studying ways to increase productivity. For example, Frederick Taylor began the movement of scientific management in the 1880’s. Scientific management looked to improve productivity through means of scientific analysis of worker’s tasks and work processes rather than the old â€Å"rule of thumb† (Taylor, 1914). Taylor believed that he could maximize worker efficiency and productivity through focusing on workers specific hand motions and patterns. After this period, beginning in about the 1930’s, managers looked to take productivity to yet another level by studying worker physiology and motivation. This new movement came to be known as the human relations movement. George Elton Mayo is credited with founding the human relations movement. Mayo conducted an experiment in the 1920’s and 1930’s know as the Hawthorne study. Two of the main aspects of the study centered around illumination in the work place and varying levels of break time and work hours (Wickstrà ¶m, 2000). The illumination study consisted of four different experiments over the course of three years. In each experiement, there was a control group and a study group. In the varying studies, the researchers experimented with varying levels of light and varying sequences of increasing and decreasing the level of light (â€Å"Hawthorne effect†). Throughout the experiments, researchers would often find patterns of increased productivity, leading them to believe that they hadShow MoreRelatedHuman Problems Of An Industrialized Civilization1460 Words   |  6 PagesElton Mayo was born in South Australia in 1880 and passed away in Guildford, Surrey in 1949. Elton was oriented to follow medicine but finally be a writer. He attained Bachelor degree with great honor, specializing philosophy and psychology and after that was granted Master degree by honor from University of Queensland. He used to play a role as a researcher and a psychologist as well on the committee serving the war at his university. Mayo dedicated a huge contribution to establishing the foundationRead MoreHuman Relation1698 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Relations Theory Introduction The Human Relations Theory of organization came in to existence in 1930s as a reaction to the classical approach to organizational analysis. This is because the classical theorists neglected the human factor in the organization. The Classical theorists took a mechanical view of organization and underemphasized the sociopsychological aspects of individual’s behaviour in organization. It is this critical failure of the classical theory that gave birth to the humanRead MoreAbraham Maslow s Life And Accomplishments1639 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham, his study of dominance and sexuality that was done with monkeys. In 1935 Maslow moved to Columbia University to work with Edward Thorndike. While working with Thorndike he was researching human sexuality. Maslow went to Brooklyn College in 1937 and was there to teach and continuing with his study of human sexuality for the next fourteen years. In 1947, he had had a heart attack, this lead him to leaving teaching and studying to recover . Abraham’s health returned in 1951, from 1951 to 1968 he wasRead MoreHistory of Management Thought - Elton Mayo1620 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION This essay covers the life and key contributions of Elton Mayo, a renowned figure in management science, and how his theories have made a significant impact in management today. 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One of the primary critics of the time, Elton Mayo, claimed that this ‘alienation’ stemmedRead MoreAre scientific management and human relations approaches still applicable to organisations of the 21st century?5670 Words   |  23 Pagesï » ¿ INTERGRATED BUSINESS Phase 3 Assignment Individual Essay Scientific Management and Human Relations Theory Lecturers : Ms.Nguyen Thu Thuy (Assoc.Prof.Dr) Mr.Hoang Anh Duy (MBA) Student name: Duong Viet Hoang Class: FB5B Student ID: 1205012124 Hanoi, March 2014 Table of content I. Introduction 1. Scientific management I.1 Definition

The Theory Of Self Disciplined Approach - 1358 Words

Introduction The self disciplined approach is a valuable contribution to the global ethics. This can help to achieve good work place ethics. It is revealed that self discipline can motivate a person to make good choices. This assists a person to do the things ethically correct. It also makes a person more accountable for actions. The self discipline practice is a rigorous practice but it is very important for the ethics management. If the person is willing to eliminate harmful habits, certainly the ethical practices can be implemented easily. This self disciplined approach can be helpful for a person to take action against any unlawful and unethical practice for completing the tasks. The person can sustain the peer pressure for managing ethics and will not compromise with moral principles. The activities chosen by me are attending three yoga classes at a studio, eating healthy foods for one week and abstaining from meat for self. The reasons are illustrated. The yoga classes can brin g in very good results in perspective of maintaining health. Yoga and its cleansing practices can be immensely helpful in effective treatments for various disorders. Yoga is found very effective in increasing flexibility in body. There are many position that stretch body and beneficial for various physical joints of the body. Yoga can increase the lubrication of ligaments, joints and tendons. The body starts feeling very flexible. Yoga can help to message all organs of body. Yoga alsoShow MoreRelatedEmile Durkheim s Theory Of Anomie1144 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper examines about Emile Durkheim’s theory of anomie and its relationship to the field of criminology. Durkheim proposed a theory in order to test different types of norms in societies that cause crime. He explains that social norms are an agreement of some people who live in that geographical location. Conservative societies incline to have less population and be more oppressive. 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Theories such as Goal Centered Theory [GCT], Cognitive Behavioural Theory [CBT] and Assertive Discipline Theory [AD] facilitate supportive learning environments to offer students superlative conditions to succeed at school. Research recommends the adoption of a single approach to inform and guide a pre-service teachers’ classroom management style; however, a teacher’s belief s, attitudes and values help inform the best approach, whether that is aligningRead MoreHistorical Timeline of Nursing Theorists Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pagesshe did not publish her work as nursing theory, Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing is presented as the first nursing theory and has directed practice for the past 150 years (George, 2011). Across this span of time, there have been dozens of theorists who have published work complementing the evolution of nursing as both a profession and a science. 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Self-regulated learning is the conscious planning, monitoring, evaluation, and ultimately control

Productivity And Profitability For Company â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Productivity And Profitability For Company? Answer: Introduction: The company chosen for the assignment is BP, formerly known as British Petroleum, started in 1908 post discovery of oil in Persia, and since then the company has transited from coal, oil, gas, to now finding new sources of energy. The company has its headquarters in London and is headed under the leadership of Bob Dudley(BP, 2017). It is amongst the top 10 largest companies in the oil and gas sector. BP remains controversial even to this day, owing to its multiple oil spills, explosions and environmental hazards. The problem here lies with the management, not givng any attention to the alarms raised by the employees repeatedly, complete disregard for the reports by internal auditors devastated the company. The leaders of the company were neglecting all these claims to be in the good books of the stakeholders, they wanted to increase the productivity and profitability for the company, hence in turn they ended up compromising on the safety procedures.(Zarroli, 2010.) BP has been at the helm of lot of public scrutiny owing to its gulf oil spills, costing them $20Bn as fines to the US govt, (Rushe, 2015) Alaska spill, deepwater horizon spill and many more.The oil spill in the gulf ocean had ruined the ecosystem situated in the Mexican gulf, and the company had to face extreme scrutiny for the same.The company though in order to clean up the mammoth oil spill have hired a SCATS team, which patrol daily on the shore and look for traces of oil (International Resource Journal,2012) Organization Theory: This can be understood as different approaches to understanding organizations, which lays the framework for the code and conduct of the organization ( Turner, 2014). Some of the prominent theories are: Agency Theory: It is a hypothesis which explains the relationship between principals agents in the business. It can also be concerned with resolving problems that can exist in agency relationship due to unaligned goals or different aversion levels of risk (Luger, Mammen Haleblian, 2015) Institutional Theory: This can be understood as a theory on the deeper and stronger aspects of social structure, it considers the processes by which structures, schemes , social norms, routines becomes established as authoritative guidelines for social behavior (Keohane Martin, 2014) Bureaucracy Theory: This theory can be understood in 2 parts , the first one being structuring an organization into a hierarchy and the second being, the organization and its memebrs is governed by clearly defined rational-legal and decision making rules, thus laying the groundwork for the theory (Lianos, 2014). Stakeholder Theory: This is a theory of organizational management business ethics that addresses morales and values in managing an organization. It is a big umbrella which also intakes shareholder theory , which says that the managers have an underlined duty to maximize shareholderss interest (Harrison Wicks, 2013) Stewardship Theory: This theory is an alternate to the agency theory, in this , managers, left on their own, will act as responsible stewards and manage the assets that they control. In this type, the shareholders interest are maximized as the managers are working toward aligning and same goals (Neubaum, 2013) Issues at BP: As mentioned in the introduction , BP has always been into controversy because of its failure to address the concerns and queries rasied in the past , the difficulty and showing complete negligence towards the report of its internal auditors and alarms raised by its employees, have earned them a really bad reputation in the industry(Frontline, 2010) This has also adversely affected its employee branding, although BP has done a lot of Corporate social responsibility work to remove this tarnish from their reputation , but there is still a lot of ground that has to be covered and a lot of work to do in order to avoid such mishappenings in the future or to the least minimize them (Lustgarten, 2010). Such incident can be strictly attributed to mismanagement and it clearly falls under the purview of Agency theory. Aggressive cost cutter CEO-Lord john browne was an engineer and a BP maanger who earned his reputation as the aggressive cost cutter, was promoted to the post of CEO, he was one of the importnt persons to have take BP to the heights it is at now. In the process , he made a lot of decisions which did not go down well in the history , cutting costs for hiring employees , buying cheap inventory for oil exploration etc. All this has lead down to a lot of explosion and spill. Capital expenditures being treated as useless expenditures: A senior manager in an email wrote to the employees , its better to save money for now than for later, resuting in negligent safety practices. Failure in compliance requirement: Alaska oil spills, in the history of world disasters will always be remembered, report says that many a times concerns were raised to the management to get the oil pipelines inspected , but nothing was ever done , the bare minimum was done after the workers went on a strike, it was observed later that the inspectors who were incharge of inspecting the pipelines were not certified and qualified to do the same , hence resulting in explosion later that year(Moon, 2015). It can be attributed to agency theory and overlooking the compliance required. Company being too much top down and not directive: In one of the interview , Mr Hayward( CEO in 2000s ) clearly said that the organizational structure at BP is extensively top down, too directive and people are really not open to listening, this clearly shows a faulty organization structure and hence the practices. The senior management if not open to communication then the entire process goes for a toss and lack of trust prevails in the system. Unhappy shareholders because of falling share prices: Due to all the explosion and oil spill happening , the share prices were falling considerably and the shareholders were extremely unhappy with the way things were going , hence Hayward was removed and a new CEO was brought in , completing neglecting the major issues for all the hazard , example of shareholder theory , where the shareholders interests have to be valued at any cost. Not taking ownership and responsibility for the events: Barring a few leaders , the entire company was trying to cover up for the hazards , the inability to own the mistakes and accountability of their own actions was a serious concern which nobody gave head to, hence resulting in cultural indifferences as well. Analysis: It is a no brainer that all the hazards which happened at BP were a simple failure of organizational structure and poor management. The lack of communication among the managers , the fear of senior management, absence of effective communication , giving no heads to the alarm raised by the team members, no accountability for the actions and to shy away from ones own responsibility is the major cause of all the mishappening. It can also be said that the leaders were not at all , in the minutest capacity effective or responsible to change the culture of 100 year old organization , they were all dogmatic and non persuasive and non communicators , who were only focused on increasing the shareholders interest and money, in the process neglecting processes/operations/safety concerns environmental hazards(Goldenberg, 2011). It is a failure in leadership which led to such big disasters, the inability to communicate and change the culture by the leaders and senior management is the biggest le sson BP have learnt (Cooks, 2010) In BP corporate culture, it is a mix of agency theory and stewardship theory , both of which are opposite to each other. Stewardship says to leave the managers to do their duty and they will in all their capacity focus on the development of the company and its people, with no/least control from the directors, and are allowed to take their own decisions, which is absolutely perfect, but in presence of agency theory wherin the principal directors take all the call and managers are puppets in the hands of the directors, this led them to not raise any concern to the management and ignore all the alarms raised by the employees in order to safeguard themselves against the possible wrath in foront of the directors, is the most important reason for all the hazards happened at BP and an example of overpowering Agency theory. Recommendation to Leaders at BP: Difficult situations/Crisis expose dysfunctional organizational cultures:BPs strategy of dealing with difficult situation by trying to spin it off and not tackling it as a haed on, lead to a lot of distrust and resentment in public eyes, what should be done in such situations is to face them and fix the problem where it erupted. Leaders are there to serve the company, people and communities One of the best qualities for the leaders is to think beyond themselves and work towards a bigger goal , making the company big , people happy and communities strong , no matter at whatever cost , but this perpetual pursuit towards serving can only keep a company strong, successful and powerful. Leaders need to work together and develop synergies: Leaders have to create synergies among other members and work towards overall development of all. Leaders should be pro-active in assesing any situation or company performance and should be the first person to act and guide the entrie organization, and at the same time keep the directors aligned and informed. Effective communication: Communication is pivotal to any organization, effective communication is what ideally should be in any company. Its the duty of the management to lay the importance of communication in their teams and in the entire company. It should be strictly independent of organization structure, hierarchy, culture, management approach, etc, the communication should be free flowing and their should always be a door for redressal of grievances. References: Turner, M.E 2014, Groups at work: Theory and research, Psychology Press. Luger, J, Mammen, J Haleblian, J 2015, Security Analaysts' Influence on Acquisition Decisions: A Joint Agency and Legitimacy Theory Approach, Sage publications. Keohane, R.O Martin, L.L 2014, Institutional theory as a research program, The Realism Reader, p.320. Lianos, I 2014, A bureaucracy theory of the interaction between competition law and state activities, Stanford University Press. Harrison, J.S. Wicks, A.C 2013, Stakeholder theory, value, and firm performance, Business ethics quarterly, 23(1), pp.97-124. Neubaum, D.O 2013, Stewardship theory. Encyclopaedia of management theory, pp.768-769. 2017, About us, Available at https://www.bp.com/, last viewed on 13 September 2017. Zarroli, J 2010, Before gulf spill, BP CEO Tony Hayward won praise, last viewed on 13th September 2017, https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127884525. Frontline. 2010, The spill, last viewed on 13th September 2017, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/the-spill/bp-troubled-past/ Lustgarten.A 2010, Years of internal BP probes warned that neglect could lead to accidents, last viewed on 13th Septemebr 2017, https://www.propublica.org/article/years-of-internal-bp-probes-warned-that-neglect-could-lead-to-accidents Moon, M 2015, BPs oil rigs just got their own internet of things, last viewed on 14th September, https://www.engadget.com/2015/07/09/bp-oil-well-ge-predix-software/ International Resource Journal, 2012, BP:Public scrutiny and recovery efforts in the aftermath of oil spill, last viewed on 14th septemebr 2017, https://www.internationalresourcejournal.com/bp_public_scrutiny_and_recovery_efforts_in_the_aftermath_of_the_/ Cooks, E 2010, BP: The inside story, last viewed on 14th septemebr 2017, https://www.ft.com/content/4e228e56-84ae-11df-9cbb-00144feabdc0 Goldenberg, S 2011, BP oil spill blamed on management communication failures, last viewed on 14th Septemebr 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/dec/02/bp-oil-spill-failures Rushe, D 2015, BP set to pay largest environmental file in US history for gulf oil spill, last viewed on 14th September 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jul/02/bp-will-pay-largest-environmental-fine-in-us-history-for-gulf-oil-spill